Sima Qian (c. 100 B.C.E.) was China's first historian--he was known as Grand Astrologer at the court of Emperor Wu during the Han dynasty--and, along with Confucius and the First Emperor of Qin, was one of the creators of imperial China. His Shiji (published for Columbia in a translation by Burton Watson as Records of the Grand Historian) not only became the model for the twenty-six Standard Histories that the historians of each Chinese...