1. Introduction.- 2. An overview of legal measures, voluntary rules, indexes, and certifications concerning gender diversity in the banking industry.- 3. Women and bank performance: theoretical background and literature review.- 4. Data on female representation in banks.- 5. The gender pay gap in the financial sector: Where do we stand?.- 6. Gender diversity in the insurance industry: Progress made and next steps.- 7. Women in the asset management sector.- 8. How central are women in Central Banks?.- 9. Gender diversity in banks and insurance companies: The state of art.- 10. A case of temporary (extended) "hard quotas" Gender diversity in Italian banks.- 11. Proposing a framework for calculating an index on gender equality in financial firms.