The chemistry of vanadium has expanded considerably in the last decade. The element is a main consitutent and focus of research on orally administered anti-diabetes therapies, catalysts for bulk preparation of organic feedstock, and primary metallic component of certain haloperoxidases and tunicate blood cells. No less important is vanadium's function in human, animal and plant nutrition, as aw contaminant of coal and petroleum, and as an often toxic...