Having an accurate view of twenty-first century science and the controversaries that surround it begin with a clear understanding of science. Nine fundamental philosophical principles establish the basis of science, without which science ceases to be a dependable way of knowing. Science is best understood when divided into three fundamentally different divisions-each of which have their strengths and inherent limitations. Scientific theory has a major demarcation problem, often ignored by its promoters. No scientific theory of origins can separate itself from attached philosophical and religious beliefs. Good scientific theory is more than a demand for natural causes and natural explanations. The author breaks new ground as he explores the above issues and others in a mind expanding, intellectual trek through science.