In mid-1900s Washington, most orchardists grew apples for the fresh fruit trade, and had little access to markets for their low-grade leftovers. Immense piles of culls were left to rot or dumped into landfills or the Columbia River--until beverage salesman William Charbonneau started using them to create his own brand of 100% apple juice. In 1960, his company became a growers' cooperative, and Tree Top Inc. was born. Over the next fifty years,...