Why did the "stagflation" of the 1970s--the improbable combination of high unemployment and runaway inflation--prove so painful and protracted? What explains the U.S. stock market's remarkable forty-year run of 12 percent average annual returns since then? Why is Japan still mired in a decades-long recession--and the Chinese economy in a tailspin? And what accounts for the resilience of U.S. stock and labor markets in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic...