In Early Modern Europe the first readers of a book were not thosewho bought it. They were the scribes who copied the author'sor translator's manuscript, the censors who licensed it, thepublisher who decided to put this title in his catalogue, the copyeditor who prepared the text for the press, divided it and addedpunctuation, the typesetters who composed the pages of the book, and the proof reader who corrected them. The author's handcannot be separated...