The term semiotics of culture was first advanced by Jurij Lotman of the Moscow-Tartu school of semiotics. Semiotics of culture refers to the study of communication through signs including by implication non-human communication, which includes biosemiotics as pioneered by Kalevi Kull in the Moscow-Tartu school. This area of study has turned away from positivism and views culture as essentially integrated in spite of inner tensions and conflicts...