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Rutebeuf was a thirteenth-century French troubadour. This work examines his portrayals of Louis IX, who he considered to be a fanatic. The prose of Rutebeuf, Edward Billings Ham argues, calls attention to the king's avarice and political ineptitude, and to the self-interest of... Read Full Overview

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.

This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely... Read Full Overview