As the nineteenth century dawned, twilight crept over Spain?s golden empire. Revolutionary movements in the Americas took their toll. Galleons no longer linked Acapulco and the Philippines. Isolation enveloped the Spanish-held Mariana Islands. Spain?s years in the Pacific were numbered, but her loyal sons continued to garrison the Philippines and the Marianas, denying them to others, thwarting revolutionaries. Throughout the century, Spain directed...