This book is an exposition of recent progress on the Donaldson-Thomas (DT) theory. The DT invariant was introduced by R. Thomas in 1998 as a virtual counting of stable coherent sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds. Later, it turned out that the DT invariants have many interesting properties and appear in several contexts such as the Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas conjecture on curve-counting theories, wall-crossing in derived categories with respect to Bridgeland...