The authors explain the ideas of philosophers such as Wittgenstein, Putnam, Fodor, Davidson, Dennett, and Merleau-Ponty and examine the famous examples these and other philosophers have introduced. They also provide an overview of the issues and debates involving reductionism, functionalism, computational theories of mind, connectionism, the language of thought, externalism versus internalism in the theory of thought content, interpretationism, the...