Part I Surprise and Information of Descriptions: Prerequisites.- Improbability and Novelty of Descriptions.- Conditional Novelty and Information.- Part II Coding and Information Transmission: On Guessing and Coding.- Information Transmission.- Part III Information Rate and Channel Capacity: Stationary Processes and Information Rate.- Channel Capacity.- Shannon's Theorem.- Part IV Repertoires and Covers: Repertoires and Descriptions.- Novelty, Information and Surprise of Repertoires.- Conditioning, Mutual Information and Information Gain.- Part V Information, Novelty and Surprise in Science: Information, Novelty and Surprise in Brain Theory.- Surprise from Repetitions and Combination of Surprises.- Entropy in Physics.- Part VI Generalized Information Theory: Order- and Lattice-Structures.- Three Orderings on Repertoires.- Information Theory on Lattices of Covers.- Appendices: A. Fuzzy Repertoires and Descriptions.- A.1 Basic Definitions.- A.2 Definition and Properties of Fuzzy Repertoires.- Glossary.- Bibliography.- Index.