The first mention of moyamoya disease as a distinct disease entity was in a paper I published in 1965. The abnormal net- like vessels at the base of the brain seen in cerebral angio- grams of this disease were described by most native speakers of Japanese as "moyamoya," a Japanese expression for some- thing hazy, such as a puff of cigarette smoke drifting in the air. In fact, prior to my advocacy of this term, this type of vascular network was often...