CONTENTS Preface 1. INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 1.1 Prologue 1.2 Clinical diagnostics entering a new phase 1.3 Concept of Molecular Diagnostics 1.4 Molecular Diagnostic Technology and Health Care Industries 1.5 Molecular diagnostic test 1.6 Conclusion 2. OMICS TECHNOLOGY 2.1 Prologue 2.2 Concept of Omics 2.3 Genome and Genomics 2.4 Transcriptome and Transcriptomics 2.5 Proteome and Proteomics 2.6 Metabolome and Metabolomics 2.7 Integration of Omic 2.8 Conclusion 3. RECOMBINANT DNA PHARMACEUTICALS 3.1 Prologue 3.2 Concept 3.3 Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology 3.4 Therapeutic Applications of Recombinant DNA derived Pharmaceuticals 3.5 Conclusion 4. APTAMERS: IN VITRO DNA SELECTION 4.1 Prologue 4.2 Concept 4.3 Selection of Aptamers 4.4 Applications of DNA and RNA Aptamers 4.5 conclusion 5. REPORTER GENE 5.1 Prologue 5.2 Concept 5.3 Reporter Gene Assay 5.4 Transformation and Transfection Assays 5.5 Gene Expression Assays 5.6 Promoter Assays 5.7 Role of Reporter Gene Assay in Molecular Diagnostics 5.8 Conclusion 6. IMPACT OF HCP ON MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 6.1 Prologue 6.2 Origin of the Human Genome Project 6.3 Goals and Issues of HGP 6.4 The Human Genome and Genetic Variation 6.5 Human Genome Project and Health Services and Improve Health 6.6 Single Gene Disease 6.7 New and Individualised Drug Treatments 6.8 The Achievements and Challenges of The HGP 6.9 Information Transfer 6.10 Impact of the Human Genome Project on Epidemiologic Research 6.11 Impact of the Human Genome Project on Our Genomic Makeup 6.12 Conclusion 7. MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS IN THE POST GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC ERA 7.1 Prologue 7.2 The Genomic Era 7.3 Concept 7.4 The Post Genomic Era 7.5 Advantages of Combining Multiple Types of Data 7.5 Biomedical Research in the Postgenomic Era 7.6 Conclusion 8. ETHICS, PATENTS AND REGULATIONS 8.1 Prologue 8.2 Concept of Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues 8.3 Ethical and Social Issues in Diagnostic Molecular Genetics 8.4 Confronting the Ethical, Legal and Social Issues 8.5 Genes and Disease 8.6 The Existence of Genetic Information 8.7 Impact of the Human Genome Project at the Interface between Patent and FDA Law 8.8 Regulatory Process 8.9 Conclusion 9. POLYMERIZED CHAIN REACTION 9.1 Prologue 9.2 The Concept 9.3 PCR Optimisation 9.4 Advances in the PCR Technique 9.5 Cloning PCR Products 9.6 PCR as a Diagnostic Tool 9.7 Conclusion 10. IN SITU HYBRIDISATION 10.1 Prologue 10.2 The Concept of in SITU Hybridisation 10. 3 Disadvantages of Radioactive Probes 10.4 Solving the Problem: Advent of Fish Technique 10.5 Applications of Fish as a Diagnostic Tool for Research 10.6 Recent Advances of in SITU Hybridisation Technology 10.7 Conclusion 11. IMMUNOASSAY ELISA 11.1 Prologue 11.2 Concept 11.3 Types of Immunoassay 11.4 Recent advances in the Field of Immunodiagnostics 11.5 Clinical Applications of Immunoassay 11.6 Utilization and Interpretation of Immunological Tests 11.7 Conclusion 12. PHAGE DISPLAY 12.1 Prologue 12.2 Concept 12.3 Phage-Display Libraries as Populations of Replicable, Mutable Chemical 12.4 Practical Applications of Phage Display 12.5 Conclusion 13. MICROARRAY 13. 1 Prologue 13.2 Th
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