English summary: The earliest mention of this enigmatic and paradoxical couple goes back to an aphorism of the seventh century BC, recorded in an isolated Archilochus verse, the first Greek lyric poet. Its latest incarnation dates from 2003, in the posthumous work of bio-paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould, The Hedgehog, the Fox, and the Magister's Pox. The author traces the tale about the crafty cunning fox that devises many strategies versus the persistent...