The Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 was a foundational event in the history of Western Christendom. Lead by the reformist Pope Innocent III, the Council ushered in a new era of papal policy in governance, the implications of which would be felt throughout the continent. To some, Lateran IV represents the flourishing of the medieval papacy, as the institution sought to improve pastoral care across Europe, as well as to define theological orthodoxy...