For 1,400 years Jews and Arabs have lived side by side and mostly with mutual respect. The oldest center of Jewish life outside of Israel was Baghdad. The greatest Jewish scholars lived there and prepared the "Babylonian" Talmud. In Western Europe, a major center of Jewish life was the 800 years under Muslim rule in Spain. When the Muslims were driven out of Spain in 1492, Jews were expelled from that country three months later, mostly joining...