English summary: Towards the end of the 4th century - for the first time in the history of Latin-speaking Christianity - Jerome, the Father of the Church translated the writings of the Old Testament from the Hebrew, hebraica veritas. According to his own testimony he borrowed from the Septuagint and the hexaplaric translations (Aquila, Symmachus and Theodotion) and also allowed himself to be briefed by Jewish scholars on philological and exegetical...