From their first publication, Chesterfield's letters were considered scandalous. Samuel Johnson said they taught the "morals of a whore, and the manners of a dancing-master." In reality, Chesterfield advocated a strict morality that condemned lying, rudeness, cheating, corruption, vanity, idleness, ridiculing others, and vulgarity. In their place, he recommended good manners, respect for the beliefs and opinions of others, propriety, generosity, charity,...