An Overview: Concepts, Units, and the Bohr Atom.- Atomic Collisions and Backscattering Spectrometry.- Energy Loss of Light Ions and Backscattering Depth Profiles.- Sputter Depth Profiles and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy.- Ion Channeling.- Electron-Electron Interactions and the Depth Sensitivity of Electron Spectroscopies.- X-ray Diffraction.- Electron Diffraction.- Photon Absorption in Solids and EXAFS.- X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.- Radiative...