Equal employment opportunity (EEO) and affirmative action have been important--and often controversial--political issues for more than two decades. One of the most hotly debated aspects of the federal government's EEO efforts has been the use of numerical goals and timetables in the internal federal EEO program, an approach adopted by the Civil Service Commission in 1971. In this incisive new study, Kellough examines the utility of affirmative...