During the 1980s, religious conservativism gained momentum in Egypt after military defeats and major social and economic upheavals. A few months after Sadat's assassination by religious extremists in 1981 a column appeared in Al-Ahram responding to letters of Egyptians caught in the problems of daily living. The columnist, Abdul Wahab al-Mutawa, a self-proclaimed humanist, published complaints about government services, and offered solutions to...