Knights in shining armor, wandering minstrels and jugglers, elegantly robed lords and ladies, gentle friars and learned monks - tournaments and village fairs, crenellated castles, soaring gothic cathedrals - the Middle Ages was certainly a colorful and exciting period. But it was also a dangerous time of war, superstition, and pestilence - a time when chaos and ignorance threatened to destroy European society and would have done so, were it not for...