As the Battle of the Atlantic began in earnest, the Royal Navy realized that only aircraft could defend the vital convoys from Germany's U-boats and Condors. However, fleet carriers were few, expensive, and needed elsewhere. The ingenious solution was to develop small, cheap aircraft carriers specifically for convoy duty. The first - 'MAC ships'-were based on fast merchant hulls, and later ones purpose-built, many in the US under Lend-Lease. They...
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