The Collegiate Gothic style, which flourished between the Gilded Age and the Jazz Age, was intended to lend an air of dignified history to America's relatively youthful seats of higher learning. In fact, this mash-up of Oxbridge quaintness with piles of new money gave rise--at schools like Princeton and Vassar, Yale and Chicago--to unprecedented architectural fantasies that reshaped the image of the college campus. Today the ivy-covered monuments...